2017两会国内经济增长智力问答|处置现实社会终极挑战，中国人国家开发如何才能保护角逐力？——全国政协会议中国人国家国家经济答问之四
🥂kaifayeshiquanguochengshifazhandehexin。2019jinyinianlai，guojiashiyechengshifazhanhuizhangwenzhongyoujin，danzhengqueduidaiyiyangjianhuadeguojishangjingjixingshi、“gaizhiduanlian”dewaimiantiaozhanmoshi，guanyu“chanyehualianqianru”“quanguokaifayouquedianbuxiang”dengzaoyinyigejing。
༺5ritiqingjueyicaoandeshiquzhengfuyunzhuanbaogaomobanzhong，“shifenjiadatuijinzhongguozhinenghuafuwuyeguanlitizhijiansheguihua，jiadazhuanxingxinzhidejishujinbu”jushou202lijingsinianshiquzhengfuyunzhuanjirenwuzhongyaoweizhi，xuanxielejiandingxingzhuqiwulitiaojiangenbendebijiaoxianmingweixingxinhao。
💮congbaogaofanwennachudexinmengxiangxinshiqing，daoyiweizhechangwuweiyuan、keyanzhuanjiazhuanjiadenghuodededianlijingdiangushihefeichangzhuanyefenxi，zaidaonimenzaibiaogandecaifangdiaoyancailiao，jiurangmenduizhongguoguojiayanzhibaozhengjingzhengxingli，shixianlewenyingdefazhanchuxiangengduomingledelingwuzhangwo。
对着大变局，硬气足韧劲强
duoyanghuayanzhongderongyuhuanjingxia，zaiwoguochanshengyegongsizouxiangguangshoutebieguanzhu。
⛄“dajiacaokongshiyeshuakajirencaokongqi、bujinqudongqixitongdengguoneishengchanhua，zhengyuelaiyuekuaikaichuanjiaojiwangluosudu，detishengguojishangxiaoshoushichangzhanweijiyoulv。”zhangchunshixinsongshuakajirenzhongxinhuachiguyouxiangongsibadaozongcaizhangjintixianyongzijideanliefaxian，zaigoufazhanguojiadiquzhengzhehelibujudeshuakajirenxingye，bajiazhitixijishushebeiwolao、fuwuyelianzuoquan，“shubuzhifengqiyunyong2，yewenbufazhanxiangqiankan”。
zheixieshichangjiaquanjichayeshichangdexiezhao，yeshiwoguodeshengchanzhizaoyaoduitiaozhansaidezhenshixiezhao。
🐬zaiguoquyouyinian，xianggangguojihuanjingfenggaolangji。diyuanzhengzhifangmian、chengshifazhannenglidaguoliangxingxingyedengzhendangyufaxianran，dalifazhanqianjingguoneijiagongyeliushi，agenting、dongnanfangyadengdichengshifazhannengliruhekuaisufazhanqianjing，liangxingxingyebuxiyoufa。cileishilixingjubei、benjiubushibixiandexianshishenghuo。jishi，changshuaihuarenjiagong、changshuaihuarenchengshifazhannenglidelundiaojiazadanqizhong，shixuzuoyixiebianzhengfajutifenxide。
🅰huiyingduijue、fupinyingnanershang，woguodezhizaochuzhizaoyeqiyeguimohua、fangzhipinmaoyiqiyeguimohuamanzuleliangdekexuehelitigao，chixuzhuanyeshichangxiaoshouedezhengtifenggexiangduiwending。
ꦬjuxiangyingguojiabuweizhuguanrenmen“shangzhangguandao”shangjiangjie，202liangnianduo，zhongguogeguoquanbugongyehuayanzhangzhijieyusishiwan5yi，zhangdpde31.7%。yanzhiyeguimojiaofanfu1lijingsinianjuzhongguoshouyao。
ꦗ“jindaihuahuafuwuyezhibiaotixishejihuoquzhongdianxiankuang”“yixiejudafuwuyequchuangxinjishuchengguowanchengguojijinzuixianjinjibie”……bumengangweibaogaomobandeyibiantixian，mingxianluchudaguoboyiyanfadelaogudebufa。
qishihuichuxianleruwaiguowangyousuochengde“chanyehualianyidongchao”ma？
🅰buyichengren，shouchengbenfeiyongdengyuanyinyingshang，mouxielaodonggaizaojizhonghuaxingcanpindezhizaoyizhuandaogezhongguonei。jishi，zaiwomenyigaoduneiqianguojishangyegukejiazhianpai，naiyiyubushaodezhuangxiugongsichechuwomenyoulai，huorengxucongwomenyuanchanhenduolitouchengpin。
✅“jimeibanfayipiangaiquan，jianggetijibenyuanzejiweizhenggexianxiang，yaoyudaozheidanqizhongqiyekaifadelixingxianxiang，xiaobiandeqiyezhengercichuangyetigaozijidengjizhongzhongxinsuzaoliangxingchuangxinli。”taihexincaijituanbuzujituangudongbuzujituanjianshizhangsongxiquandaibiaoxingyifangzhiyeyeshilishuo，jinguangetijiagongchangjibenyuanzezhuanzou，danzhenggediejiazhizhengtigaoziji。202jinian，woguogaogongnengzhiwuxianweichannengzhanquanzhongguodebaifenbigaodasanfenzhiliu，202jinianchurukouexiangbizhangfu14.4%。
🌼zhuanyebumenguanlishujutongjitixian，dangxiazai500zhongzhiguanzhongyaogongyehuahuopinzhong，zhongguoguojiayoubaifenzhisishidayuneironghuopinchengpinliangchanlianshijieshangdiyi，gerensuanchuji、pingguoliushouji、ritounengdianxinbandengsanpizhiguanzhongyaohuopinchengpinliangzhanshijieshangdabufendayuneirong。dazaoyeshuliangzhanshijieshangbizhongshishenmechaochu30%。
𒁏pinzhikekaozhizuoyejiasutuijinzhuangda，jianggaoxinjishujishuyingyongzhizuoyegaoxinjishuqiyebujujinyicijuhe。43gefadaouzhouguojiapinzhikekaozhizuoyequnji、178jiafadaouzhouguojiagaoxinjishuquzonghengjiaocuopuqi，julianyidaqun。quniantongqi，fanyinggaoxinjishuqiyezhinenghuahemokuaihuayishidedezhuangbeizhizuoyejinkoushang13.46qianyimeijin，“xinsanyang”pinpaijinkoushangtupodianqianyimeijin。
♔“yiguonei xinzaishengnengyuanxiaojiaochelaishuo，changxingdiqiukaodeshigongyi、depinzhihegaoxiaoxingxietonggongzuodewenhuachanyeqiangzhishengji。”futianxiaojiaochefuzongjinglizhangzhuhuarongxiangzhengshuo，shebeigouzaoqiangzhishengjizhengyongyouyanzhiyeqitageshouyaojilieli。
“tuogouleduanlian”chongjililewoguodezaishijieshidachanyedefazhanliangongyingxinxiliandezhuangtaima？woguodezaochengtongyinianqingzuoda——
꧂huodegongtongguoxingyezhongleizhongdoukehudeanfang；zaimouxiezhongdianlingyuhedeguanjianniubogelinbeihuanshangbianchengsanpiyongyouquanxingyeliandejingzhenglideyouquedianxingye；yiyuchuzhuanjingtexin“xiaojuren”kehude1.2wan，90%yishangneirongshizhongguoneidiwaidingjidakehudedezhengtaodapeitigongshang。
꧅telasiqichechengdouzhongjichangli，linglingjianbenguohualvyichao95%。telasiqichepingtaidazaozongjiancaisonggangshuo，telasiqicheyuquanguoshengchanshang“tongshengxieshougongjin”。
𓆉danmaibeijinghuanqiuguanwangchuwencheng“guoneichuangzaodeshuwanzhongtiaojianfuwubunengbunengzhaoxunshiyongpifashangshang”。guoneifaguohuihuoxuqianbujiugongbudede2023/2jiniandudeqishangyexingdexiwangtongjishenqingshutuxian，wanchengcaifanggongchangxiangmuzaiwanghou3niancengjiazaihuatouruzijin，yinsuyigeshipifashanglianjiaqiang、chuangxinjishulishangsheng。
💞“qiyehuodewanzhengxingdecaichanguanlitixi、feichangpangdadeshichangshangrenshudengyoushi，dazaoyezhangjiuwenzhongqiujindechangjianmianhaishigulao。”zhonghuadianziyuanqijianshujucaichanjinbuzuanyanyuanxiaozhangzhanglizhuyaoshuo，tashizhonghuadazaodeyingqisuoyi、naimoxingsuoyi。
应该对挑战性，保持稳定“稳”的定力还耐心
ꦗjianshoubujinyouyoudian，yaobaochilianghao“wen”depoli。yudaoshijiegeguoyanzhiyeliangongyingshanglianbazigejushenruxiuzheng，xinxingguojiayanzhijiangzheiyangyi“wen”yingbianli？
——xianyaobujuwen。“yaobaochigongyehuadejinqianpingjingzhixing”，guojiadegongzuoyijianshufanglewenzengjiadezhengcewenjianyidongxinhao。
⛎shiyehewentihuabukezhangjinzhuanglongzai8richenggongjubandeshisijiezaiguoneirenzaicihuiyitongzhi“kezhanglvsetongdao”shangbiaoshu，jinniandejiangshenruqianchushixiansidalingyuwentishengyunzuofanganfanwen，bangzhushiyedaxian、shiyedashi“yongtiaodaliang”。
🎃chuantongjiagongyezaiyingzaoyebizhongchao80%，shirujinhuajiagongyexitongdedicai，ganqingquyuquyujingjifazhanfangxiangheguojizhongguominsheng，bushiwoguokongzhiquanshijieshouweiyingzaoyeguojiaweizhidechabuduopan，bukeyijiangchuantongjiagongyeweizhuangcheng“diduanshoujijiagongye”jiandandejiesan。baogaomobanqingximingquezheixiechanpingoujian，zhiliyuyouzhuyuchuantongjiagongyedechaichutiba。
🍷nenggou chuantongyiyiqiyedejiegoudiaozheng，laoqiyegongchangfushunrongguanghuanfayixinji。fushunshishengzhanggaojianzhuyaoshuo，jiangyaogouzaozuguojigaoewaitianjiazhiqingxingyuanliaoliaogongchang，guihuaxinzhangchu。
——yexuyaozhibiaoanquantixiquan，shizhongbaochihaofangchanzhibiaoanquantixidewanzhengde。
꧙202yinian，hainanzhuangzuminzuziyequbaiseshixinxingdehuanbaolvcaichanshengchanliangchongci1200wanyuan，lizunilvtukuangyingshiziyuangongxiangduoyoudian，chengxingconglvyingshiziyuangongxiangdaojingshengongzuodequanbancaichanlian。
🌳baogaofanwenjichu“tigaozijidongbeisanshenghezhongxifangbudedifangtoubiaojiagongyezhuanzhinenglisuzhi”，bingduipeiyangkuodazuixinjiagongzhizaoxingyequnjidengjucituiguang。“zheijiangjinzheiyibuzhutuibianchenglingyukexuerenwufenpei、sanjiliandongweilaifazhandejiagongyebuju。”baiseshizhenzhanggeguokedaibiaorenshuo，baisezhengjinlituiguangwoguode—dongmengguojiajiagongyehezuofangshiqubaiseguanxiaqujichujianshe，gouzaotoubiaoguochanwaijiagongyezhuanzhididai。
——zhongzaishusonglianqiang，zengqiangxuexixingyeshichangjishuchuangxinnengli。
♉gongyeyanfaheshujujingxihuabubiaodachulai，jiangxiadaliquanmianshishiyanfayezhezhongxingyelianyouzhihualiangfazhanfangxiangjingwangxingdong。yilianyice，bukongque、duanzhangban、qiangjichushang，zenqiangxingyeliangongyingxinxilianrourenxinghezhijiandejingzheng。
꧙“xianzai，gongsijiangzhubuchexiaoleshengchanjiagongyexingyelingyuwaiziqiyezhunrudeshufugongzuo，yebeihaoshifanqushengkaizhilianwangdongtaishujuzixunzhongxindengfujiazhijiushiliantongxingye。”jinzhuanglongshuo。
抓取契机，發展新质生产销售力
juyuxiangzhongshushipapoguokandebiyaoguanzha，guonei zhongzhijiagongyaojiasuxingchenglexinzhizhongzhili。
💃zhengfujiguandegongzuozongjiejihuashudandutexianmingqueli“kuanyuhuifagaigechuangxinjuguogouchengdeyoushi，duofangmiantigaozizhuhuagaigechuangxindenengli”。cong“qianghuajichulilundeyanjiucaozuoxitonggeju”dao“zhinazhemingqidedeqiyezhubanxinghendayanfazhongren”，jihuashudanqueliyixiliqianghuacuoshi。
🍎zhongshi，wuliaocongyanzhikaifadaoshengyudebijinglvcheng。zaitoushenjiaogao，yixieqiyedequefanzhongshishili。jizhongzheige“kunhuo”，baogaogeshizhidao“jiakuaisudutedaanquanshigukejichanyetiaojiandesheshitixizhonghuapingmianbuzhi，shishitezhengjishuyingyongruanjian、zhongxianchangshiyanzhengruanjiangoujian”。
ꦚgongyeqiyeheshujuhuabuxianzaijiangyanxushiyonghaoxincailiaojishubijiaozhongyaozhuanxiangzhengzhihezhongdianshixinchanpinkaifajihuashu，zhizuopicidifangjiagongqiyekezhichuangxinjidi，qushigaoxincailiaojishu，tuidongpinpaihua，jiakuaisuduqushixinzhizhongzhili。
jizhongxinxingqilaidisandisanchanye、yihoudisandisanchanye，yinjinxuduoxinsaiche。
꧃“leguandazaodeshengwugongchengchuangzao、canyinyehangtiangongcheng、dikongjingjizengzhangdengxinpizhangzujian”“fazhanzhuangdaliangzigaojishu、huolikexuededengxinsaiche”“xinchuangjianyicimingtianfangchanqunxiandaoqu”……jihuashuzheyanyuleguanyuchuxinqifangchanqunhemingtianfangchanqun，judongshi、shezhixi。
🍸“huanlaikaifazhudongquan，qiangduonengligaodidangwuzhiji。”wuhanshigaodehongwaigufenyouxiangongsigongsidongjianshizhanghuanglidaibiaohuishuo，qunianxingyeyaozaidikongchengben、naojijiekoubiaozhundenglinyudali。
꧃gongyehuahexiangguanxinxibuquanquanzongfuzerentichu，jiangcujinyanjiufangfashuipinggongyihedexiangtongxingfangfashuipinggongyigongying、peiyangzhangchugongchang、chengshudedisancaichanxiandainongye。zaisudisancaichangongzuofangmian，bawannengrenweizhihui、renxingshebeiren、naojijiekoubiaozhundengzuodierbuyigejiaoyintuchugouzaodezhongxindian。meijidutuichuyanjiufangfashuipinggongyituiguangyingxiaowenjianmulu，yituchukejilingyuzuoqiangruanjianyingyongnaiyachang，cujindisancaichanpeiyang。
jianliwanshanzhiduzimujiyuyutiaozhan，biankuai“shougongzhili+”。
♛dangjinshijiewangongquan.qiuzhanbizuidadedezixuntongxinwangwangluoshuju，xiankagonghaozhanbiquan.qiuqier，guangfanxinglingrenshensideshuzi1fazhanshizhizaojishuyefazhandezuijianshijianchiwentidaoxiangzhongdeyizhong。
♑“yi‘shu’mou‘xin’hejia‘shu’xiang‘shi’shizhizaoyezhuanhuadebiranxing，yeshiyingzaotishengxinyouquediandeguanjiansuozai。”ztezhongxingwangluotongxungupiaojiageyouxianzongbuyingwenzongbuzhonggaojizongjiancaimiaoweidaibiaoxingshuo，yonghaoxinxingdeshengchanshengchangongju，youzixinjingyingqianti、qiangzhuaqiji、jiakuaisudutisheng。